Depression in Madrid: Psychological Treatment | MadridPsychotherapy
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Psychology and Mental Health

Depression in Madrid: Specialized Psychological Treatment

Depression isn't just sadness. That's the one invisible weight which makes getting up in the morning a struggle, that the things you used to enjoy no longer mean anything to you, that the future seems set in stone. In Spain, Nearly 30% of the adult population exhibits symptoms of depression According to the 2023 Health Survey, many of these people take years to seek help. If you’ve come here, it’s because something isn’t right. And that’s already the first step. At MadridPsicoterapia, located in the heart of Chamberí, we have clinical psychologists specializing in depression who will guide you through an individualized treatment plan based on scientific evidence and a human-centered approach.

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Psychologists specializing in depression in Madrid

What is depression, and how does it manifest?

Depression is a mood disorder that goes far beyond temporary sadness. For a diagnosis of a depressive episode At least two-thirds of the core symptoms must be present for at least two weeks: a depressed mood most of the day, loss of interest or inability to experience pleasure (anhedonia), and increased fatigue.

In addition to these main symptoms, Depression can manifest itself with difficulty concentrating, excessive feelings of guilt or worthlessness, sleep disturbances (insomnia or hypersomnia), changes in appetite and weight, psychomotor agitation or retardation, and in the most severe cases, precurring thoughts about death or suicide.

What many people don't know is that depression has different subtypes and levels of severity. As healthcare professionals, we treat each of them, starting with the depressive episode until the major depression recurring, the dysthymia, the postpartum depression, the psychotic depression and the reactive depression. Also, the relationship between depression and anxiety.

At MadridPsicoterapia, located at 141 Calle Santa Engracia in Chamberí (Madrid) and online, we offer comprehensive psychological evaluations, differential diagnosis, and personalized treatment plans. Psychotherapy is the psychological treatment with the strongest scientific evidence for depression, and several international studies—including one in which the University of Seville participated, involving 375 clinical trials and nearly 33,000 patients—confirm that its long-term efficacy is comparable to or greater than that of antidepressants.

Symptoms of depression

What are the main symptoms of depression?

The symptoms of depression They are defined by core symptoms and are organized into three major groups.

Core symptoms (at least 2–3 must be present for at least 2 weeks): 1) Depressed mood most of the day, nearly every day. 2) Loss of interest or pleasure in activities that were previously enjoyable (anhedonia). 3) Loss of energy or increased fatigue (asthenia).

Cognitive symptoms: difficulty concentrating, indecisiveness, slowed thinking, recurrent thoughts about death, suicidal ideation, excessive feelings of worthlessness or guilt, and a negative view of oneself, the world, and the future (Beck’s cognitive triad).

Physical or somatic symptoms: changes in appetite (loss or increase), changes in weight, sleep disturbances (difficulty falling asleep, early awakening, or hypersomnia), agitation or psychomotor retardation observable by others, headaches, muscle aches, digestive disorders, loss of libido.

A particularly important symptom is the loss of the ability to experience pleasure (anhedonia), which many patients describe as a “gray world”: it is not active sadness, but rather a kind of emotional numbness. Another common but little-known symptom is the so-called depression Smiling or masked: the person puts on a facade of normality or even good humor in public, while suffering on the inside.

At MadridPsicoterapia (Calle Santa Engracia 141, Chamberí, Madrid, and online), we conduct a comprehensive diagnostic evaluation that includes a clinical interview and, when necessary, the administration of standardized scales such as the Inventory of Depression Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI-II), the PHQ-9, or the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, all of which have been validated in the Spanish population.

Types of depression

How many types of depression are there?

The most widely used classification in Spain is the ICD-10 (International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision), supplemented by the DSM-5 in the field of research. Both recognize several main types of depression, each with its own diagnostic criteria and therapeutic approach.

Depressive episode: The first episode of depression, which can be mild, moderate, severe without psychotic symptoms, or severe with psychotic symptoms. It is the most common gateway to a diagnosis of depression.

Recurrent depressive disorder: When two or more depressive episodes occur, separated by periods of recovery. The risk of new episodes increases with each recurrence.

Dysthymia / Persistent depressive disorder: Chronic, mild depression that lasts at least two years. Less severe but more prolonged than major depression.

Postpartum Depression: It occurs during the postpartum period, in the weeks or months following childbirth. According to the General Council of Psychology, it affects between 21% and 30% of mothers in Spain.

Psychotic Depression: Depressive episode severe depression accompanied by psychotic symptoms (delusions or hallucinations consistent with the depressive state).

Reactive Depression / adjustment disorder with depressed mood: It occurs in response to an identifiable stressor (loss, breakup, life change). It typically responds well to psychotherapy.

Seasonal depression: It does not have its own code in ICD-10, but it does in the DSM-5 as a specifier for major depression. Symptoms typically appear in the fall and winter and subside in the spring and summer, possibly due to reduced sunlight.

Atypical depression: Characterized by mood reactivity (symptoms may improve in response to positive events), hypersomnia, increased appetite, a sensation of heaviness in the limbs, and hypersensitivity to rejection.

At MadridPsicoterapia (141 Santa Engracia Street, Chamberí, Madrid), we conduct a comprehensive diagnostic evaluation to determine the specific type of depression and guide you toward the most appropriate treatment. Not all types of depression are treated the same way, and an accurate diagnosis is the first step toward effective treatment.

Treatment for depression

What are the most effective treatments for depression?

The treatments with the strongest scientific evidence for depression These are psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy, and the combination of the two is particularly effective in moderate and severe cases. The main clinical guidelines (NICE, Spanish Ministry of Health, Clinical Practice Guideline on the Management of Depression (in adults) recommend psychotherapy as the first-line treatment for mild and moderate depression.

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT): It is the psychological treatment with the strongest evidence for the depression. It addresses the negative cognitive triad (negative thoughts about oneself, the world, and the future), cognitive biases, and avoidance behaviors that perpetuate the cycle of depression. Proven effectiveness in mild, moderate, and severe episodes.

Behavioral Activation (BA): Particularly indicated for depression characterized by severe anhedonia and social withdrawal. It focuses on progressively increasing the frequency of pleasurable and positively reinforced behaviors, thereby breaking the cycle of avoidance-isolation-more depression.

Interpersonal Therapy (IPT): Particularly effective for depression associated with relationship problems, grief, or life transitions. It focuses on significant relationships and their impact on mood.

MBCT (Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy): Particularly recommended for preventing relapses in recurrent depression. It reduces the risk of relapse by 40–50% in people who have had three or more previous episodes.

EMDR: Effective for depression associated with traumatic experiences. It processes traumatic memories that may be perpetuating depressive symptoms.

At MadridPsicoterapia, located at 141 Santa Engracia Street in Chamberí (Madrid), we use an integrative approach that tailors techniques to each person’s specific profile. The initial assessment determines which treatment is best suited for you, and the treatment plan is reviewed regularly to ensure its effectiveness.

Why do depression and anxiety occur together?

Comorbidity between depression and anxiety It is so common that some researchers suggest they share underlying neurobiological and psychological mechanisms. From a cognitive perspective, both the depression such as the anxiety involve attentional and interpretive biases: the anxiety exaggerates future threats, while the depression It amplifies past failures. The two feed off each other in a cycle that can be very difficult to break without professional help.

In Spain, the most common comorbid disorder in the major depression is the disorder of generalized anxiety (TAG), which is present in more than half of patients with depression. Other common combinations include major depression with panic disorder, with social phobia or with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

From a clinical perspective, the coexistence of depression and anxiety worsens the prognosis: greater resistance to treatment, more relapses, a higher risk of suicide, and greater use of healthcare resources. Therefore, a comprehensive differential diagnosis (that identifies all present disorders) is essential before beginning treatment.

At MadridPsicoterapia, with an office at 141 Santa Engracia Street (Chamberí, Madrid) and online, we conduct a comprehensive diagnostic evaluation to identify all existing disorders and design an integrated treatment plan. Our clinical psychologists have specific training in treating comorbid depression and anxiety.

Types of Depressive Disorders

Types of Depression We Treat at MadridPsicoterapia

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Why Choose Us

Why Choose MadridPsicoterapia?

Licensed and Specialized Psychologists

NOur team consists of licensed health psychologists at the COP in Madrid, with specialized training and proven experience in the treatment of disorders of anxiety. We work with professional rigor and stay up to date on the latest scientific developments to provide you with the best possible care.

Evidence-Based Therapies

We use a variety of approaches, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, ACT, exposure and emotional regulation techniques, and third-generation therapies, among others, because we believe you deserve a treatment for depression that has been proven effective through rigorous clinical research—not fads or empty promises.

Personalized Treatment Plan

We don't follow rigid protocols. After a detailed initial assessment, we design a treatment plan tailored to your specific situation, your goals, and your schedule. Because we understand that everyone experiences depression in a unique way, and our approach must respect that uniqueness.

Central location in Chamberí

Our practice is located at 141 Santa Engracia Street, in the Chamberí neighborhood, with excellent metro and bus connections. We also offer treatment for depression in Chamberí, both in person and online, for those who prefer the convenience of connecting from home.

Compassionate and non-judgmental support

We know that taking the step to ask for help isn’t always easy. That’s why at MadridPsicoterapia you’ll find a warm, confidential, and judgment-free space where you are our top priority. We’re committed to supporting you with honesty, empathy, and absolute respect for your journey.

Prices with no surprises and no pressure

Making decisions is also part of the process.

We offer you an initial session—either online or in person—so we can get to know each other.

From there, you should only continue if you feel you've established a connection with the professional you've met. The rest of the process is flexible, tWe explain how it works and the terms and conditions starting with the first session. No monthly fees, no long-term commitments, and fixed prices per session.

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Couples Therapy

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Therapy for couples

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People who started individual therapy with us in Madrid

Juana, Carlos, Rocío, Almudena… We don't like to talk about numbers. We help real people with real names in real-life situations. It could be your neighbor, a friend, a mother, a coworker, your child… every name holds a different story. And every story deserves to be truly heard.

(Names have been changed to protect confidentiality.)

Frequently Asked Questions

Frequently Asked Questions About Depression in Madrid

We know that many questions may arise before starting therapy. Here, we answer the most common questions we receive from people who contact our clinic.

The duration of treatment depends on the severity of the depressive episode, the type of depression, and each person’s individual characteristics. For mild to moderate depression, cognitive-behavioral therapy typically yields significant results within 12 to 20 sessions. In more severe cases or with recurrent depression, the process may take longer. The important thing to remember is that treatment does not end when symptoms disappear: a fundamental part of the therapeutic work at MadridPsicoterapia is to equip the individual with tools to prevent relapses and maintain long-term well-being. Each person progresses at their own pace, and our team tailors the treatment plan to your specific needs.
Not always. Antidepressant medication can be helpful and necessary for moderate or severe depressive episodes, especially when symptoms are highly debilitating. However, international and national clinical guidelines recommend psychotherapy—especially cognitive-behavioral therapy—as the first-line treatment for mild and moderate depression. At MadridPsicoterapia, we work in coordination with psychiatrists when the case requires it, but we always prioritize the psychological approach as the central focus of treatment. The combination of psychotherapy and medication is indicated in severe cases or those with a high rate of recurrence.
Sadness is a normal and adaptive emotion that arises in response to loss, frustration, or difficult times. The difference between sadness and depression lies in duration, intensity, and the impact on daily functioning. If your low mood persists for more than two weeks, affects your work, your relationships, or your ability to enjoy life, and you find no relief even during good times, you may be experiencing a depressive episode. A psychologist can conduct a comprehensive evaluation to guide the diagnosis. At MadridPsicoterapia, we offer an initial evaluation consultation in which we analyze your situation without jumping to conclusions and provide you with honest feedback.
Yes. At MadridPsicoterapia, we offer online psychotherapy with the same quality and rigor as in-person sessions. Sessions are conducted on secure and confidential platforms. Numerous studies published in recent years have shown that online therapy is just as effective as in-person therapy for treating depression. This format is especially useful for people with limited mobility, demanding schedules, or who live outside Madrid but want to work with our team. To schedule your first online session, call us at 919 932 920 or reach out to us via the contact form.
MadridPsicoterapia is staffed by licensed clinical psychologists with specialized master’s degrees and ongoing training in the treatments backed by the strongest scientific evidence. We are located in Chamberí (Calle Santa Engracia 141), one of the most accessible areas of Madrid. We take a personalized approach: there are no rigid protocols or endless waiting lists. Each person receives a treatment plan tailored to their diagnosis, history, and goals. Additionally, when the case warrants it, we coordinate with other professionals—primary care physicians, psychiatrists—to provide comprehensive care. Call 919 932 920 to learn more about us with no obligation.

Starting therapy is an important step. Having a safe and professional space can make all the difference when it comes to exploring your emotions, thoughts, and behaviors, helping you cope with challenges, or fostering your personal growth.

The process is simple—we'll guide you every step of the way and conduct an initial assessment to assign you to the psychologist in Madrid that best suits your needs and goals. If the professional is the right fit for you, you'll begin a process together of personalized individual therapy, tailored to your needs and adapted to your pace.

Both work just as well. Choose the one that's most comfortable or practical for you. Some people prefer to leave the house and go to a specific place, while others prefer to log in from their couch. You can also mix and match depending on what works best for you each week or switch things up. 

Of course, for the online session, we ask that you be in a quiet place where no one will disturb you for 50 minutes, have a device with a camera and microphone (computer, tablet, or cell phone), and a reliable Wi-Fi connection. That's all.

We try to make everything easy. The price of an individual psychology session is 55 euros for consultations year-round. No matter where you are.

Once you feel that the professional relationship is working, you can choose the balance bonus and save 20% of the cost of the sessions. Appointments can be scheduled individually.

The best way is to try it out. That’s why we offer a free initial session where you can get to know us, tell us what’s going on with you, and see if you feel comfortable with us. There’s no obligation—just a conversation from a different perspective. Many people come in without being sure if they need therapy, and that first session helps them decide or begin to define their treatment needs.

We don't use a one-size-fits-all approach. Our individual therapy in Madrid tailors our approach to you: to your personality, your situation, and your goals. You don’t have to adapt to our way of working—we’re the ones who make that effort. 

During the first free session, you’ll meet the professional you’d be working with. It’s important that you have a good connection and feel heard. If, after that first session, you feel like it’s not the right fit for you, we can refer you to another team member. That’s okay—it’s normal. In therapy, that’s called “transference.” 

You tell us what brought you here, what’s on your mind, or what you’d like to change. We’ll ask you a few questions to better understand your situation. We’ll address your concerns. And we’ll assess whether therapy can help you and what the process would look like. You’ll leave with a clear idea of what to expect and a framework for moving forward.

Because before you spend any money, we want you to get to know us and be sure that this is what you're looking for. It's an opportunity for both of us: you see if you feel comfortable, and we assess whether we can help you. And then we each make our own decision.

There is no set answer. It will depend on the assessment made by the team member. However, it is always recommended—at least at the beginning—to have one psychotherapy session per week.

Some people need more intensity than others; others need flexibility and more space. Every person is different, and so is the treatment. 

We work with most psychological issues: anxiety in its various forms, depression, trauma, grief, eating disorders, OCD, addictions, self-esteem issues, relationship conflicts, family difficulties… If you’re not sure whether your situation falls within the scope of what we do, just ask us. We’ll honestly tell you whether we can help you or if we need to refer you to another resource.

It might feel a little strange at first, yes. But most people get used to it right away. At the end of the day, it's just a conversation, and what matters is what's said, not the medium. Many people even prefer online conversations because they feel more relaxed in their own space.

Whenever you want. You're not tied to a specific format. If you start online and then decide you’d rather come in, or vice versa, that’s no problem. We’re located in the center of Madrid, in the Chamberí neighborhood. Of course, you’d need to talk to the professional treating you to discuss this in detail. 

There's no standard answer. Some people need just a few sessions to resolve a specific issue, while others go through a longer process. During the first session, we'll give you a rough idea based on your situation, but that's just what it is—a rough idea.

It's usual to come once a week, especially at first. Later on, you can space out your sessions to every two weeks. But it also depends on your schedule and what you're working on. You can decide this with your therapist. We'll see how it goes.

We don't work directly with insurance companies, but we'll provide you with an invoice so you can submit it to your insurance provider if they offer reimbursement. Check with your insurance provider to see if they cover individual therapy sessions with private psychologists in Madrid.

Yes. One of the most common misconceptions is that depression always manifests as intense sadness. In reality, many people with depression do not feel sadness but rather a profound emotional numbness, indifference, emptiness, or irritability. Loss of interest and pleasure (anhedonia) is often the most prominent symptom: the person no longer enjoys the things they used to like, but they don’t experience this as sadness—rather, as apathy and a lack of motivation. This makes depression especially difficult to recognize in oneself. If you haven’t enjoyed anything for weeks and have low energy, consult a psychologist even if you don’t feel particularly sad.
Absolutely. Depression has a very significant physical component that often leads people to consult their primary care physician or internal medicine specialists first. Frequent headaches, diffuse muscle pain, digestive problems, chronic fatigue, sleep disturbances, or unexplained weight loss can be physical manifestations of underlying depression. It is estimated that between 30% and 50% of patients who present to primary care with somatic complaints have an undiagnosed depressive or anxiety disorder. If medical tests fail to identify a cause, a psychological evaluation is recommended.

Sleep disorders are one of the most common and distressing symptoms of depression. The most common forms are late-night insomnia (waking up early at 3–4 a.m. and being unable to fall back asleep, accompanied by negative thoughts) and initial insomnia (difficulty falling asleep due to rumination). However, in some types of depression—especially atypical depression and dysthymia—hypersomnia may occur: the person sleeps much more than usual without feeling rested. Non-restorative sleep is particularly characteristic of depression, and improvement in this area is often one of the first signs of a response to treatment.

Yes, and it’s very common. Comorbidity between depression and anxiety is the rule rather than the exception: the most common comorbid disorder in major depression is generalized anxiety disorder. It is estimated that between 45% and 60% of people with a depressive disorder also have an anxiety disorder. This combination worsens the prognosis if not properly addressed, but the psychological treatments with the strongest evidence (cognitive-behavioral therapy) are effective for both disorders simultaneously. At MadridPsicoterapia, we have a specific page on depression and anxiety that you may find helpful.

In terms of clinical severity, a major depressive episode with psychotic symptoms (F32.3 ICD-10) is the most severe subtype, as it combines the maximum intensity of depressive symptoms with a loss of contact with reality (delusions or hallucinations). Major depression with an active risk of suicide also constitutes a medical emergency. However, the impact of dysthymia should not be underestimated: although less severe, its chronic nature can lead to a very significant cumulative decline in quality of life. All types of depression warrant professional treatment.
The differential diagnosis of types of depression requires a comprehensive clinical evaluation conducted by a psychologist or psychiatrist. This evaluation includes a history of the problem (onset, progression, triggers), current symptoms, and personal and family history, and involves the use of standardized scales. It is not possible to make a reliable diagnosis using an online test. If you suspect you may have some form of depression, the first step is to schedule an appointment with a professional. At MadridPsicoterapia, with a practice in Chamberí, we offer a comprehensive initial evaluation.

Yes, although not in the strict sense of concurrent diagnoses. The most common scenario is what is known as a “double depressive disorder”: a person with dysthymia (F34.1) who also develops an additional episode of major depression. In these cases, the clinical picture is more complex and requires a more intensive approach. It is also possible for a person with major depression to develop dysthymic-like symptoms once the acute episode has remitted (chronic residual symptoms). Differential diagnosis and clinical follow-up are essential for detecting these patterns and adjusting treatment.

Seasonal depression is a real disorder with a neurobiological basis, although its recognition as a separate diagnosis is relatively recent. It is associated with reduced sunlight during the fall and winter months, which disrupts circadian rhythms and the production of melatonin and serotonin. Treatment includes light therapy (exposure to high-intensity artificial light), psychotherapy (especially cognitive-behavioral therapy), and, in some cases, medication. It is important to distinguish it from the normal sadness that many people feel during the winter months, which does not meet the diagnostic criteria for a depressive episode.

The clinical types of depression are the same in men and women, but there are differences in presentation and prevalence. Women are twice as likely to develop major depression, possibly due to hormonal, social, and psychological factors. Postpartum depression is specific to the postpartum period in women, although fathers may also experience depressive symptoms during this time. In men, depression tends to manifest as increased irritability, risky behaviors, alcohol or substance use, and a greater reluctance to seek help, which makes diagnosis more difficult. At MadridPsicoterapia, we treat people of all genders and ages.

The number of sessions varies depending on the type and severity of the depression, as well as each person’s individual characteristics. For mild or moderate depression, cognitive-behavioral therapy typically produces significant improvements between sessions 8 and 12, although the entire process (including the consolidation and relapse prevention phases) usually spans 15 to 25 sessions. In cases of severe or recurrent depression, treatment may take longer. At MadridPsicoterapia, we set clear goals at the beginning and review progress regularly, adjusting the pace and frequency of sessions to each person’s needs.
Yes. The most recent studies, including systematic reviews and meta-analyses published in high-impact journals, confirm that online psychotherapy (via videoconference) is just as effective as in-person therapy for treating depression. Sessions take place on secure and confidential platforms. The online format offers scheduling flexibility and eliminates barriers to access for people who are unable to travel to our office in Chamberí. Whether you prefer to come see us at 141 Santa Engracia Street or choose the online format, the quality of treatment is the same.

It's very simple. Call 919 932 920 (toll-free, Monday through Friday from 10:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m. and Saturdays from 10:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m.) and we'll let you know about availability and the process. During the first session, we’ll conduct a thorough assessment of your situation—without rushing or jumping to conclusions. At the end of that initial consultation, we’ll give you honest feedback on what’s going on and propose a treatment plan. You don’t need to know exactly what’s wrong with you to make an appointment—that’s what we’re here for.

It’s an honest question that deserves an honest answer. Psychotherapy can stir up difficult emotions, especially at the beginning, when painful aspects of a person’s personal history or current functioning are addressed. However, good psychologists know how to manage that emotional intensity at a pace that’s right for each person: it never moves faster than the person can handle. Over time, therapy not only reduces pain but also increases tolerance for difficult emotions and the ability to regulate them. Many patients describe therapy sessions not as painful but as a space of relief and understanding.

A clinical psychologist provides psychotherapy (cognitive-behavioral therapy, EMDR, mindfulness, etc.) and does not prescribe medication. A psychiatrist is a medical specialist in mental health and can prescribe antidepressants, anti-anxiety medications, and other psychiatric drugs. Both can diagnose depression, but their therapeutic tools are different and complementary. For mild and moderate depression, psychotherapy alone is the recommended treatment. For severe depression or cases that do not respond to psychotherapy, psychiatric intervention may be necessary. At MadridPsicoterapia, we work in coordination with psychiatrists when the case requires it.

Distinguishing between depression and anxiety—and identifying when they coexist—requires a comprehensive psychological evaluation. Broadly speaking: anxiety is characterized by fear, excessive worry, anticipation of future threats, physiological hyperarousal, and avoidance behaviors. Depression is characterized by sadness or emptiness, loss of interest and pleasure, fatigue, hopelessness, and slowed response. When both are present simultaneously, a person may feel nervous and helpless at the same time: agitated and numb all at once, worried about the future but lacking the energy to do anything. This combination is very common and has a clinical name: mixed anxiety-depressive disorder or depression-anxiety comorbidity.
Yes, and in fact, that is the recommended approach. Treating each disorder separately and sequentially is not as effective as an integrated approach. Cognitive-behavioral therapy is the treatment with the strongest evidence for both disorders, and its simultaneous application prevents the overall treatment from being unnecessarily prolonged. Barlow’s Unified Protocol for the Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders is particularly useful for people with comorbid depression and anxiety, as it addresses the common mechanisms underlying both disorders. At MadridPsicoterapia, we apply this and other evidence-based protocols in the treatment of comorbidity.

Some benzodiazepine anxiolytics (such as diazepam or lorazepam), if used chronically, can have adverse effects on mood and worsen depression in the long term. SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) are the most commonly used class of antidepressants for the comorbid condition of depression and anxiety, as they have been shown to be effective for both disorders simultaneously. Prescriptions are always issued by a physician or psychiatrist. At MadridPsicoterapia, we work in coordination with each patient’s physician or psychiatrist to ensure consistency between pharmacological and psychological treatment.

Depression-anxiety comorbidity can be more complex to treat than each disorder on its own, mainly because it requires a more comprehensive approach and because the prognosis without treatment is worse. However, with appropriate treatment—an integrated therapeutic plan that addresses both components—people with comorbidity achieve positive outcomes. The key lies in a thorough differential diagnosis and in not limiting treatment to the more visible disorder while leaving the other unaddressed. At MadridPsicoterapia, we assess both dimensions from the very first consultation.

Yes. The relationship between depression and anxiety is bidirectional: untreated chronic anxiety can develop into depression (the exhaustion caused by prolonged anxiety-related hyperarousal contributes to depression). In turn, depression can lead to anxiety: the inability to function caused by depression triggers worries and fear about the future, which in turn fuel anxiety. This cycle can take hold quickly and become self-perpetuating, underscoring the importance of early intervention. At MadridPsicoterapia in Chamberí, we identify these cycles during the initial assessment and address them in the treatment plan.

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